
What lies behind—or beyond—physics, traditionally called metaphysics, is ultimately our ignorance: a void that religions have sought to fill over the centuries, often by elevating ignorance itself to an object of reverence, as Mikhail Bakunin once remarked. From Plato’s eternal Ideas to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s monads, from Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s dialectic of the Absolute Spirit to Alfred North Whitehead’s vision of reality as process, speculative philosophies have likewise attempted to replace ignorance with what might be called philosophical imagination.
Ignorance, moreover, is not confined to religion or metaphysics; it is a pervasive feature of science itself, frequently likened to a bottomless pit. At the very core of Leibniz’s infinitesimal calculus lies a profound ignorance concerning the ultimate limits of reality—an encounter with a concept that is at once nonexistent and yet indispensable to our understanding of the universe: the idea of infinity.
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